• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an inner shell of a type IV composite tank defining an internal cavity for receiving a fluid under pressure and comprising at least one metal base allowing the connection between said internal cavity and the outside the shell, said one or more base (s) being integral with the shell, said method comprising the following steps: a) a step of depositing at least one adherent layer of a first polymer on the or parts of the base (s) metal (s) intended to be in direct contact with the material constituting the inner shell; b) a step of integrating said or said base (s) thus coated (s) in a mold whose internal cavity is shaped corresponding to the shape of the shell that is desired; c) a step of forming on the inner wall of the mold and on the part or parts of the base (s) intended to be in contact with the material of the inner shell, of at least one layer of a second polymer different from said first polymer and adhering to the first polymer, thereby forming the aforementioned hull equipped with the aforementioned header (s).
    公开号:FR3035173A1
    申请号:FR1553338
    申请日:2015-04-15
    公开日:2016-10-21
    发明作者:Fabien Nony；Jean-Michel Poidevin；Laurent Delnaud；Bertrand Desprez；Jean Remi Stephany
    申请人:Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA；Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of the inner shell (or inner casing) of a composite tank. type IV for storing a fluid under pressure, such as hydrogen, helium or natural gas. This invention therefore finds its application in the field of the storage of pressurized fluids, such as hydrogen, particularly for the purpose of supplying energy storage devices, such as fuel cells, which may be intended to supply vehicles. STATE OF THE PRIOR ART Concerning the storage of fluids under pressure and, in particular, hydrogen, four main types of reservoirs capable of accommodating fluids under pressure have been developed to date: the "type I" tanks, which are entirely metallic; the "type II" tanks, which have a metal shell with a hoop, for example, made of glass fibers, on their cylindrical part; - "Type III" tanks, which have an outer structuring shell of composite material (glass fiber or carbon fiber or other reinforcement, such as basalt, aramid fibers) and a shell or shell internal (also called "liner") metal (for example, aluminum or steel); and "Type IV" tanks, which have an outer envelope of composite material 10 based on fibrous reinforcement (for example, glass fibers or carbon fibers) and an inner envelope of polymer material or inner shell (also called, "Liner"), which can ensure the confinement of the fluid and, in particular, sealing. This inner shell 15 can be equipped with one or two bases, usually metal (for example, steel or aluminum) for connection to an energy conversion device, a filling device or a device for emptying . For Type I and II tanks, and particularly those with a steel casing, studies on steel embrittlement have shown the limits of use, in terms of service life, of metal tanks for storage. hydrogen. Moreover, the excessive weight of this type of tank does not allow to consider their use at high pressure in embedded applications, such as their use for vehicle power.
    [0002] This last disadvantage is not encountered with the type III and IV tanks, which, by the use of composite materials, to constitute the envelope are characterized by their lightness, knowing that a tank of composite material has a 25 to 75% less mass than a steel tank of the same volume. Also, this lightness characteristic makes carbon-reinforced type IV tanks particularly attractive for use in storing hydrogen for embedded applications, although this does not mean that these tanks can also be used for stationary or transportable applications. In addition, the type IV tanks may have lower costs, excellent durability of their performance, especially with regard to the number of high pressure filling / emptying cycles in comparison with metal tanks frequently having problems of stress cracking. . Finally, type IV tanks have the highest gravimetric storage density among the different families of gaseous pressure vessels with identical reinforcing materials. In addition to the outer shell of composite material and the inner shell of polymeric material, the type IV tanks may also comprise one or two metal bases positioned at the ends of the tank, which bases generally fulfill the role of connectors allowing a metal connection to filling and / or emptying devices and energy conversion devices. The connection between the inner shell 3035173 4 and the metal base or bases is a particularly critical connection with regard to the confinement of a gas, this being all the more true for gases, whose molecule is small and therefore highly permeable, such 5 that this is the case of helium or hydrogen. It therefore turns out that the management of this link in terms of performance and durability is therefore a major issue in the design of reservoirs for gaseous storage under pressure in order to guarantee their tightness over their entire range. operation. In view of the cost and cold performance objectives required for the reservoir and in particular for the material constituting the inner shell, polyolefins and, more specifically, polyethylenes are prime candidates for the constitution of the inner shell, but present However, as a characteristic of being difficult to bond and of having poor adhesion to the metallic materials conventionally used to form the bases (for example, aluminum, steels and more specifically, stainless steels), these bases have a smooth surface, even even a mechanically treated surface (for example, by sanding or sanding). Also, to obtain a strong and durable adhesion between the base and the inner shell, it is most often necessary to resort to chemical treatments and expensive constraints, such as: - 3035173 5 -de the base treatment with acids, such as nitric acid, phosphoric acid; phosphoric or chromic anodizing treatments, when the base is made of aluminum; phosphating treatments, when the base is made of steel. Then, on these etched and / or anodized surfaces, adhesion primers may also be applied to ensure good subsequent adhesion and / or additional properties such as corrosion resistance. In parallel with the surface treatment solutions, modified polymers derived from standard polymers have been developed and, more specifically, graft polymers whose grafts make it possible, in particular, to create chemical bonds, for example of a covalent nature, with metal surfaces. However, these polymers are, on average, 10 times more expensive than standard polymers, from which they are derived, which makes them uncompetitive to constitute the entirety of the inner shell, and have the disadvantage of being difficult to transform. because of their propensity to stick strongly to all surfaces (such as mold surfaces). In view of the foregoing, the authors have therefore set themselves the objective of proposing a method of manufacturing the inner shell of a type IV composite tank making it possible to obtain a good interface between the metal base (s) and the 3035173 6 constituent material of the inner shell of a reservoir, the adhesion between the or the bases and the inner shell to be high enough to overcome the problems of delamination during 5 in-service stresses. The process must also be simple and inexpensive to implement. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Thus, the invention relates to a method of manufacturing an inner shell of a type IV composite tank delimiting an internal cavity intended to receive a fluid under pressure and comprising at least one metal base enabling the connection between said internal cavity and the outside of the shell, said one or more base (s) being integral with the shell, said method comprising the following steps: a) a step of deposition of at least one layer adherent of a first polymer on the part (s) 20 of the base (s) metal (s) intended to be in direct contact with the material constituting the inner shell; b) a step of integrating said or said base (s) thus coated (s) in a mold whose internal cavity is shaped corresponding to the shape of the shell that is desired; c) a forming step on the inner wall of the mold and on the part or parts of the base (s) intended to be in contact with the constituent material of the inner shell, of at least one layer of a second polymer different from said first polymer and adhering to the first polymer, thereby forming the aforementioned hull equipped with the aforementioned header (s). Before going further in the description of the invention, we specify the following definitions. By metal base is meant, in what precedes and what follows, a piece or metal insert that can allow the junction or the connection between the internal cavity of the inner shell and the outside thereof, this piece being able to allowing the filling of the internal cavity, for example, with a fluid under pressure, and / or the emptying of this internal cavity. From a structural point of view, it may be a metal part having a hollow cylindrical body open at its ends, when it is open, one of its ends being terminated by a collar provided or not with a mechanical anchoring zone, such as a bead, at its periphery, such a base being illustrated, in cross-section, in FIG. 1 appended, in which the references 1, 3, 5 respectively represent the hollow cylindrical body , the collar and the bead. In this configuration, the bead constitutes the portion intended to be in direct contact with the material constituting the inner shell. The present invention results from a dual choice, the choice of a first polymer capable of adhering to the surface of the metal base for carrying out step a) mentioned above and the choice of a second polymer capable of adhering to the first polymer covering the base to form the inner shell for performing the step b) mentioned above. Limiting the use of a polymer capable of adhering to the surface of the metal base (such as a suitably functionalised polymer to adhere to a metal surface) only to cover the base and not to constitute the entire inner shell can be cost-limiting, since it is conventionally accepted that polymers adhering to metal surfaces are more expensive than polymers that can be used to utilize the material of the inner shell.
    [0003] Moreover, the fact of previously covering the part or parts of the metal base intended to be in contact with the shell, with an adhering polymer considerably improves the quality and durability or resistance of the interface between this base and the inner shell, because of the ability of polymers to be generally compatible with each other. According to the invention, the process comprises, first of all, a step of depositing an adherent layer 25 of a first polymer on the part or parts of the base (s) metal (s) intended to be in direct contact with the constituent material of the inner shell. It is specified that, by adherent layer of a first polymer, is meant a layer formed by said first polymer, which advantageously comprises groups capable of adhering (for example, by formation of covalent bonds) to a metal surface. (In this case, here, the surface of the metal base), the adhesion being possible, for example, by the formation of covalent bonds between said groups and said metal surface. This implies that it is no longer necessary to deposit another layer of material (for example, an adhesive layer) between the metal base and the first polymer layer to achieve a high performance assembly. In other words, the adherent layer of the first polymer is directly in contact with the surface of the metal base or bases. Such groups may be chosen in particular from maleic anhydride groups, silane groups, silanol groups, acrylic groups, peroxide groups and mixtures thereof. In general, it can be any group capable of generating covalent bonds with species present on the surface of the metal base or bases. More specifically, the first polymer may be a polymer comprising a main chain comprising a first repeating unit resulting from the polymerization of an ethylenic monomer and comprising a second repeating unit comprising a pendant chain comprising at least one group able to adhere to a surface This group may be selected from those listed above.
    [0004] More specifically, the first polymer may be a polymer belonging to the family of polyethylenes, and more specifically a polymer comprising an ethylene repeating unit and a repeating unit derived from said ethylene repeating unit comprising a pendant chain comprising at least one suitable group. to adhere to a metal surface, this group can be selected from those listed above. Such a polymer may be represented by the following general formula: ## STR2 ## wherein x and y represent repeating numbers of the repeating units taken in parentheses, the corrugated bond representing a linked pendant chain, covalently, to the group -CH-, to which is bonded one or more groups X capable of adhering to a metal surface, such as those listed above. Only group X has been represented on this formula Alternatively, it may be a first polymer comprising a main chain comprising a first repeating unit resulting from the polymerization of an ethylenic monomer and comprising, at least one one of the ends of the main chain, a telechelic function The above-mentioned deposition step may be performed by various deposition techniques, among which may be mentioned, for example This is a non-exhaustive approach, the manual powder coating technique, the electrostatic paint deposition technique and the fluidized bed deposition technique.
    [0005] According to the manual powder coating technique, the following operations are conventionally carried out: a heating operation of the metal base (s) at a temperature at least equal to the melting temperature of a powder of the first polymer; -an operation of contacting the or the bases thus heated with a powder of said first polymer, whereby it adheres to the surface of the or the metal bases thus forming a layer covering said one or more metal bases, this operation which can be repeated one or more times until a layer of the desired thickness is obtained.
    [0006] Between two contacting operations, where appropriate, the header (s) may be maintained at a temperature at least equal to the aforesaid melt temperature, by placing the at least one header in an oven heated to the appropriate temperature. According to the technique of electrostatic paint deposition, it is understood that the electrostatic paint comprises a powder dispersion of the first polymer, this paint being able to be applied by projection on the base or the bases of one or more layers of paint. In two layer deposits, where appropriate and / or at the end of the paint deposition step, the base (s) can be maintained at a temperature at least equal to the above-mentioned melting temperature (ie that of the powder contained in the dispersion), by placing the one or more bases in an oven heated to the appropriate temperature. Finally, according to the technique of fluidized bed deposition, the metal or pre-heated metal bases, generally, at a temperature at least equal to the melting point of a powder of the first polymer, is (are) introduced, conventionally, in a receptacle containing said powder set in motion by a flow of gas introduced at the base of the receptacle. The powder particles coming into contact with the surface of the heated metal base (s) melt, whereby they adhere to this surface forming a layer of increasing thickness. Before the step of carrying out step a), the method of the invention may comprise a step of masking the part or parts of the base, so as not to coat them with a layer of the first polymer ( this or these parts subsequently constituting the part or parts of the base that will not be in direct contact with the material constituting the inner shell). More specifically, this masking step may consist in covering the above-mentioned part or parts, for example, with an insulating plastic part, such as a heat-resistant scotch (for example, up to a temperature of 200.degree. may be the case of teflon or a polyimide) or by any other means, which would prevent the deposition of a layer of the first polymer in the non-planned areas (in particular, those intended to be in direct contact with the walls of the mold). When the base comprises one or more openings, for example, in the form of a bore or a thread, that can be closed before the implementation of step a). by a plug, for example, teflon. Prior to the implementation of step a) and the possible masking and sealing steps, the metal base (s) may advantageously be subjected to a cleaning or degreasing step, for example with an organic solvent, such as acetone. Alternatively, it could be possible to anodize the surface of the metal base, especially when it is made of aluminum, so that the oxides present on the surface are well cohesive or to create a specific structuring of the surface to further improve the assembly.
    [0007] After the step of implementing step a), the method comprises a step b) of introducing said one or said base (s) thus coated (s) in a mold whose internal cavity is of corresponding shape the shape of the shell that is desired to obtain, this step b) being directly followed by a deposition step c) on the inner wall of the mold and on the part or parts of the base (s) intended for to be in contact with the material of the inner shell, at least one layer of a second polymer different from said first polymer and adhering to the first polymer, thereby forming the abovementioned shell integral with the one or more metal bases. When the metal base is of similar geometry to that illustrated in FIG. 1, the introduction into the mold can be carried out so that the flange is directly in contact with the wall of the mold and the cylindrical body hollow passes through a mold opening having a diameter for introducing the cylindrical body via this opening. FIG. 2 illustrates the part of a mold showing the base thus introduced, the references 1, 3, 5 and 7 respectively illustrating the hollow cylindrical body of the base, the flange, the bead and the wall of the mold in contact. direct with the collar. The formation of the shell can be done by conventional molding methods and, preferably, by rotational molding. Rotomolding conventionally comprises the following operations: i) after introducing into the mold, or the bases treated according to step a) of the method, an operation of filling the internal cavity of the mold with a powder of the second polymer; Ii) an operation of heating the mold to a temperature at least equal to the melting temperature of the second polymer; iii) concomitantly with step ii), an operation of rotation of the mold, thus generating a deposit on the inner wall of the mold and on the parts of the base or bases emerging in the internal cavity 3035173 15 of the mold, that we obtain a shaped shell corresponding to the internal geometry of the mold; iv) optionally, a step of repeating steps i) to iii), in order to make several layers of the second polymer, in order to obtain a greater thickness; ivi) optionally, one or more steps of repeating steps i) to iii) but with a powder of another polymer different from the second polymer in order to combine the properties of the second polymer and the other polymer (for example, to form a three-layer structure); ivii) a cooling operation to solidify the deposit or deposits.
    [0008] In particular, the mold rotation operation can be carried out, advantageously, around two generally perpendicular axes of rotation, in order to cause a uniform deposit of the second polymer on the inner wall of the mold and on the parts of the The bases emerging in the internal cavity of the mold. This second polymer must be able to adhere to the first polymer. It is specified that, by adherent layer of a second polymer, is meant a layer formed by said second polymer, which comprises groups capable of adhering to the surface of the layer of the first polymer, for example by interdiffusion of the polymer chains to the interface. This implies that no other layer (eg, an adhesive layer) is interposed between the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer for adhesion. In other words, the layer of the second polymer is directly in contact with the surface of the first polymer layer. The second polymer may be a thermoplastic polymer and more specifically a polymer belonging to the family of polyethylenes, that is to say comprising an ethylene repeating unit, which does not exclude that they may contain other repeating units. . By way of example, it may be standard polyethylenes, that is to say linear or branched polyethylenes, for example, comprising only one repeating ethylene unit. The second polymer may also be a polymer belonging to the family of polyamides, such as polyamide-12 or polyamide-11. Preferably, this second polymer is, advantageously, a polymer comprising a part of its repeating units identical to those of the first polymer.
    [0009] For example, when the first polymer belongs to the family of polyethylenes, and more specifically to a polymer comprising an ethylene repeating unit and a repeating unit derived from said ethylene repeating unit comprising a pendant chain comprising at least one group able to adhere to a surface. metal, the second polymer may be a polymer comprising only a single repeating unit, which is an ethylene unit (in which case the second polymer is a polyethylene). As a result, the second polymer adheres perfectly to the first polymer layer deposited on the base (s) by a mechanism for self-adhesion or interdiffusion of the polymer chains, especially in view of the temperatures involved. This self-adhesion or interdiffusion mechanism may also occur when the first polymer and the second polymer have no identical repeating pattern (s), provided that they are compatible. Once step c) is carried out, the method of the invention conventionally comprises a demolding step of the inner shell of the walls of the mold optionally using a release agent, which has been previously applied. on the inner surface of the mold (that is to say before the step of forming the inner shell). The release agent may be, for example, an aqueous product deposited by brush and then glossed and baked in the mold, thereby forming a layer on the inner surface of the mold. These may be commercial products supplied by Chem-trend®, such as Chemlease® or 20 products supplied by Loctite®, such as products from the Frekote® range or by Elgadi Chemicals, such as from the Elkoat® range. These release agents may be termed semipermanent release agents, since they require replacement upon the completion of a number of internal shells (for example, for a number of shells ranging from 10 to more than 100). . The release agent may also consist of a permanent release agent, such an agent may consist of a layer deposited on the inner surface of the mold made of a material chosen from teflon, nickel, ballinite®, this layer being able to be stable for the production of at least 1000 shells. Once the inner shell has its or its bases, to obtain a type IV tank, it is necessary to wrap, for its reinforcement, the inner shell obtained beforehand by a fibrous reinforcement composite material, which will allow to ensure the mechanical resistance under pressure of the tank.
    [0010] Also, the invention relates, ultimately, to a method of preparing a type IV tank comprising the following steps: a step of implementing the method of preparing an inner shell of a tank 15 composite type IV as defined above; and a deposition step, on the outer surface of the shell thus obtained in the preceding step, of a fibrous material to form the outer shell of the reservoir.
    [0011] This deposition step can be carried out, in particular, by filament winding of continuous fibers impregnated with a resin on the outer surface of the inner shell, whereby the fibrous reinforcement composite material is formed.
    [0012] Other features and advantages of the invention will emerge from the additional description which follows. It goes without saying, however, that this additional description is merely an illustration of the object of the invention and does not in any way constitute a limitation of this object.
    [0013] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES FIG. 1 is a representation, in cross-section, of a base that can be used in the context of implementing the method of the invention. Figure 2 is a representation, in cross section, of a base such as that defined in Figure 1 positioned in a mold used in the implementation of the method 10 of the invention. DESCRIPTION OF PARTICULAR EMBODIMENTS EXAMPLE 1 In this example, there is illustrated the preparation of an inner shell of a pressurized fluid storage tank comprising an aluminum base. To do this, the first step is to cover, by manual powdering, the portion of the base that will be in direct contact with the shell material, with a grafted polyethylene of the Matrix N211 type ( that is, a polyethylene whose grafts comprise maleic anhydride groups). This base is similar in bill to that shown in Figure 1 attached in the appendix. More specifically, for this step, the metal base is preheated to a temperature of 160 ° C. followed by 2 successive passages of the base in a container comprising a powder of the abovementioned grafted polyethylene, each of these passages being separated by a passage the base for 3 minutes in an oven at 160 ° C. The base is thus covered with a layer having a thickness of about 0.8 mm. Then, in a second step, the base thus coated is placed in a rotomolding mold, the internal cavity of which is filled with a standard polyethylene (that is to say a polyethylene comprising only the single repeat unit ethylene) of the Matrix 6402 U type. The mold is then rotated on two orthogonal axes and brought to a temperature of 210 ° C (maximum recorded temperature of the air inside the mold during the manufacturing cycle), what is obtained a polyethylene shell integral with the base, which allows communication between the internal cavity of the shell and the outside.
    [0014] The assembly formed by the shell and the base has excellent strength, that is to say that there are no decohesion phenomena between the surface of the base and the grafted polyethylene and between the grafted polyethylene and standard polyethylene.
    [0015] This internal base / shell assembly can be subjected to torsion torques higher than 100 Nm, without the linkage being altered. A cross section of the assembly also does not allow this assembly to fail. The pressure cycling of a reservoir comprising this assembly also does not reveal decohesion. EXAMPLE 2 In this example, there is illustrated the preparation of an internal reservoir shell 3035173 21 of pressurized fluid comprising an aluminum base. To do this, the first step is to cover, by manual dusting, the part of the base that will be in direct contact with the shell material, with a grafted polyethylene of the Matrix N211 type ( that is, a polyethylene whose grafts comprise maleic anhydride groups).
    [0016] More specifically, for this step, the metal base is preheated to a temperature of 160 ° C followed by 2 successive passes of the base in a container comprising a powder of the abovementioned grafted polyethylene, each of these passages being separated by a passage of the base for 3 minutes in an oven at 160 ° C. The base is thus covered with a layer having a thickness of about 0.8 mm. Then, in a second step, the base thus coated is placed in a rotomolding mold, the inner cavity of which is filled with a crosslinkable polyethylene type Matrix XL400 (ie, a polyethylene comprising a crosslinking agent of the peroxide type allowing initiate the crosslinking reaction at a temperature of approximately 150 ° C.) The mold is then rotated, whereby a crosslinked polyethylene shell integral with the base is obtained, which allows communication between the internal cavity of the the hull and the outside. The assembly formed by the shell and the base has an excellent holding, that is to say that there are no decohesion phenomena between the surface of the base 3035173 22 and the grafted polyethylene and between the grafted polyethylene and the crosslinked polyethylene. EXAMPLE 3 In this example, there is illustrated the preparation of a pressurized fluid storage tank inner shell comprising an aluminum base. To do this, the first step is to cover, by manual powdering, the part of the base that will be in direct contact with the shell material, with a grafted polyolefin of the XP 9015 type comprising specific grafts capable of increasing the adhesion and compatible with polyamides, such as a polyamide-12. More specifically, for this step, the metal base is preheated to a temperature of 160 ° C. followed by 2 successive passes of the polyamide. In a container comprising a powder of the abovementioned grafted polyolefin, each of these passages is separated by a passage of the base for 3 minutes in an oven at 160 ° C. The base is thus covered with a layer having a thickness of about 0.8 mm.
    [0017] Then, in a second step, the base thus coated is placed in a rotomolding mold, the internal cavity of which is filled with a quantity of micronized powder made of polyamide-12, for example of the Rilsan® or Matrix ARV0950 type adapted to the desired thickness. The mold is then rotated and brought to a maximum temperature of 210 ° C and cooled, whereby a polyamide-12 shell integral with the base is obtained, which allows communication between the internal cavity of the mold. the hull and the outside. The assembly formed by the shell and the base 5 has excellent strength, that is to say that there are no decohesion phenomena between the surface of the base and the graft polymer XP9015 and between graft polymer XP9015 and polyamide-12.
    [0018] EXAMPLE 4 In this example, there is illustrated the preparation of a pressurized fluid storage tank inner shell comprising an aluminum base.
    [0019] To do this, the first step is to cover, by manual powdering, the part of the base that will be in direct contact with the shell material, with a grafted metallocene polyethylene of the Lumicene type mPE3671. .
    [0020] More specifically, for this step, the metal base is preheated to a temperature of 160 ° C followed by 2 successive passes of the base in a container comprising a powder of the abovementioned grafted polyethylene, each of these passages being separated by a passage of the base for 3 minutes in an oven at 160 ° C. The base is thus covered with a layer having a thickness of about 0.8 mm. Then, in a second step, the base thus coated is placed in a rotomolding mold, which is filled with a portion of the internal cavity with a polyamide-11 and heated to about 220 ° C. The mold is then rotated, whereby a polyamide-11 shell is secured to the base, which allows communication between the internal cavity of the shell and the outside. The assembly formed by the shell 5 and the base is excellent holding, that is to say that there are no decohesion phenomena between the surface of the base and the grafted polyethylene and between grafted polyethylene and polyamide-11.
    [0021] COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 In this example, there is illustrated the preparation of an inner shell of a pressurized fluid storage tank comprising an aluminum base.
    [0022] To do this, the degreasing of the aluminum base is first carried out, the latter not being coated with an adherent polymer, as is the case in the process of the invention. invention. Then, in a second step, the base 20 is placed in a rotomoulding mold, the internal cavity of which is filled with a standard polyethylene (that is to say a polyethylene comprising only one repeating unit ethylene) of the Matrix 6402 U type. The mold is then rotated on two orthogonal axes and brought to a temperature of 210 ° C (maximum recorded temperature of the air inside the mold during the manufacturing cycle), whereby a polyethylene shell integral with the base is obtained, which allows communication between the internal cavity of the shell and the outside.
    [0023] After cooling, over a portion of about 800 mm in length, a decohesion of the metal base with the polymer constituting the shell induced by the thermal shrinkage of the polymer is observed.
    [0024] The visual analysis reveals that both surfaces are totally smooth and the total absence of adhesion.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. A method of manufacturing an inner shell of a type IV composite tank defining an internal cavity for receiving a fluid under pressure and comprising at least one metal base allowing the connection between said internal cavity and the outside of the shell, said or said base (s) being integral with the shell, said method comprising the following steps: a) a step of depositing at least one adherent layer of a first polymer on the part (s) of the base (s) metal (s) intended to be in direct contact with the constituent material of the inner shell; b) a step of integrating said or said base (s) thus coated (s) in a mold whose internal cavity is shaped corresponding to the shape of the shell that is desired; c) a step of forming on the inner wall of the mold and on the part or parts of the base (s) intended to be in contact with the material of the inner shell, of at least one layer of a second polymer different from said first polymer and adhering to the first polymer, thereby forming the aforementioned hull equipped with the aforementioned header (s).
    [0002]
    2. The process of claim 1 wherein the first polymer comprises groups capable of adhering to a metal surface by formation of covalent bonds.
    [0003]
    3. The process according to claim 2, wherein said groups are selected from maleic anhydride groups, silane groups, silanol groups, acrylic groups, peroxide groups and mixtures thereof. 10
    [0004]
    4. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first polymer is a polymer comprising a main chain comprising a first repeating unit resulting from the polymerization of an ethylenic monomer and comprising a second repeating unit comprising a pendant chain comprising at least one group capable of adhering to a metal surface as defined in claim 3.
    [0005]
    5. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the first polymer is a polymer belonging to the family of polyethylenes. 25
    [0006]
    6. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first polymer is a polymer comprising an ethylene repeating unit and a repeating unit derived from said ethylene repeating unit comprising a pendant chain comprising at least one group capable of adhering to an ethylene repeating unit. 28 metal surface, this group being selected from those listed in claim 3.
    [0007]
    A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the deposition step a) is carried out by the manual powder coating technique, the electrostatic paint deposition technique or the fluid bed deposition technique. 10
    [0008]
    8. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein step c) is carried out by rotational molding. 15
    [0009]
    9. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second polymer is a thermoplastic polymer.
    [0010]
    10. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second polymer is a polymer comprising a part of its repeating units identical to those of the first polymer. 25
    [0011]
    11. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second polymer is a polymer belonging to the family of polyethylenes or the family of polyamides. 30
    [0012]
    12. The process according to claim 11, wherein when the second polymer is a polyethylene polymer, it is a linear or branched polyethylene.
    [0013]
    13. The process according to claim 11, wherein when the second polymer is a polymer belonging to the family of polyamides, it is a polyamide-11 or a polyamide-12.
    [0014]
    14. A method for preparing a type IV tank 10 comprising the following steps: a step of implementing the method for preparing an inner shell of a composite tank type IV as defined according to any one claims 1 to 13; and a step of depositing, on the outer surface of the shell thus obtained in the preceding step, a fibrous material to form the outer shell of the reservoir. 20
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    EP1993923B1|2009-06-24|Tank made of a corrosion-resistant composite
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    FR3045451A1|2017-06-23|PROCESS FOR PRODUCING HOLLOW BODIES WITH COMPOSITE WALL
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    FR2817792A1|2002-06-14|Domestic fuel plastic storage tank manufacturing procedure consists of spraying rotomoulded one-piece inner layer with liquid plastic
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3035173B1|2017-12-15|
    US20180119881A1|2018-05-03|
    WO2016166326A1|2016-10-20|
    EP3283812A1|2018-02-21|
    EP3283812B1|2020-03-18|
    ES2800058T3|2020-12-23|
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    US20110210475A1|2010-02-26|2011-09-01|Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc.|Method for producing a liner of a vessel|
    DE102010023386A1|2010-06-10|2011-12-15|Volkswagen Ag|Pressure tank for storing liquids or gaseous mediums, particularly for installing in vehicle, has base body made of plastic forming storage compartment for liquid and gaseous medium|
    US20120138616A1|2010-12-03|2012-06-07|GM Global Technology Operations LLC|Gas storage tank comprising a liquid sealant|
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    EP2876351A1|2012-07-18|2015-05-27|Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.|Pressure vessel|WO2020109398A1|2018-11-30|2020-06-04|Plastic Omnium Advanced Innovation And Research|Internal enclosure for pressurized fluid storage tank for a motor vehicle|
    WO2021094686A1|2019-11-14|2021-05-20|Arkema France|Method for preparing a hydrogen tank comprising a sealing layer and a base|FR2618524B1|1987-07-21|1989-10-20|Hembert Claude|PRESSURE FLUID TANK|
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    法律状态:
    2016-04-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-10-21| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20161021 |
    2017-04-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-04-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2019-04-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-04-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-04-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1553338A|FR3035173B1|2015-04-15|2015-04-15|PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE INTERNAL SHELL OF A TYPE IV COMPOSITE TANK FOR PRESSURIZED FLUID STORAGE|FR1553338A| FR3035173B1|2015-04-15|2015-04-15|PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE INTERNAL SHELL OF A TYPE IV COMPOSITE TANK FOR PRESSURIZED FLUID STORAGE|
    ES16719321T| ES2800058T3|2015-04-15|2016-04-15|Procedure for preparing the inner lining of a type IV composite reservoir for the storage of fluid under pressure|
    PCT/EP2016/058410| WO2016166326A1|2015-04-15|2016-04-15|Method for preparing the internal shell of a composite type iv reservoir for storing pressurized fluid|
    US15/566,260| US20180119881A1|2015-04-15|2016-04-15|Method for preparing the internal shell of a composite type iv reservoir for storing pressurized fluid|
    EP16719321.8A| EP3283812B1|2015-04-15|2016-04-15|Method for preparing the internal shell of a composite type iv reservoir for storing pressurized fluid|
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